{"id":244,"date":"2024-03-05T08:43:06","date_gmt":"2024-03-05T08:43:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rebuilt-project.eu\/?page_id=244"},"modified":"2024-05-10T10:31:34","modified_gmt":"2024-05-10T10:31:34","slug":"action-plan","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rebuilt-project.eu\/fr\/action-plan\/","title":{"rendered":"Plan d'action"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Le projet REBUILT est un projet de deux ans cofinanc\u00e9 par l'Union europ\u00e9enne dans le cadre d'ERASMUS+ KA220-HED - \"Partenariats de coop\u00e9ration dans l'enseignement sup\u00e9rieur\" (num\u00e9ro d'accord : 021-1-DK01-KA220-HED-000030127). L'objectif global du projet REBUILT est de d\u00e9velopper et de cultiver un \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me d'innovation efficace compos\u00e9 d'\u00e9tablissements d'enseignement sup\u00e9rieur, de communaut\u00e9s d'affaires et d'institutions de recherche qui contribuent \u00e0 la r\u00e9alisation d'un tournant environnemental urgent.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t

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Plan d'action<\/p>\n

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  1. Cadre de travail<\/li>\n
  2. Meilleures pratiques<\/li>\n
  3. Mise en \u0153uvre et suivi<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

    1. Cadre de travail<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/h4><\/div>
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    1. Introduction<\/h3>\n

    The Rebuilt Action Plan aims to provide main guidellines to any user in order to evaluate the existing processes of any organisation and then to implement a reengineering process in this organisation in order to reduce the corporate carbon footprint.<\/p>\n

    This Plan contains specific methodologies, tools, and databases that can help any user to implement a corporate emission profile. Someone can choose among thousands of up-to-date and verified emission factors to accurately calculate the carbon emissions of any activity. All these emission factors are compliant with the GHG Protocol and expressed in CO2e (Carbon Dioxide Equivalent). The Emission Factors cover all the possible activities that take place in global regions ranging from countries to local regions and cities. These factors are described in sources of government-issued and scientifically audited data and refers to all the economic sectors such as energy, transport, supply chain, infrastructure, waste, and IT.<\/p>\n

    2. Carbon Footprint<\/h3>\n

    2.1 What is a carbon footprint?<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Carbon footprint is defined as \u201cThe quantity of GHGs expressed in terms of CO2-e, emitted into the atmosphere by an individual, organization, process, product or event from within a specified boundary\u201d (Pandey, Agrawal, & Pandey, 2011).<\/p>\n

    Carbon footprints estimate the total amount of greenhouse gases emitted during the production, processing and retailing of consumer goods. The aim is to identify major sources of emissions in supply chains to inform relevant stakeholders so that actions can be taken to reduce emissions.<\/p>\n

    The Guide to PAS 2050 (BSI, 2008) suggests that: \u201cThe term \u2018product carbon footprint\u2019 refers to the greenhouse gas emissions of a product across its life cycle, from raw materials through production (or service provision), distribution, consumer use and disposal\/recycling. It includes the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), together with families of gases including hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and perfluorocarbons (PFCs)\u201d.<\/p>\n

    Mulvaney (2022) investigates the activities that take place in order to produce a product or a service. He mention that for the most consumers in developed countries, these products and activities tend to fall into four principal categories: household energy use, transport, food, and everything else, which is mostly the products we buy, from utensils to clothes to cars to television sets.<\/p>\n

    2.2 How is a carbon footprint calculated?<\/strong><\/p>\n

    There are many methods to evaluate carbon footprint e.g., the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2022) or the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) (Lombardi et al., 2017). Lifecycle analysis focused on greenhouse gas emissions of a product(s) or service(s), which called Product Carbon Footprint (PCF). On the other hand, a Corporate Carbon Footprint (CCF) allows someone to understand the carbon emissions related to the business activities.<\/p>\n

    According to Mike Berners-Lee (2022),\u00a0 it isn\u2019t easy to calculate a carbon footprint. Consider, for example, the personal carbon cost of taking a commercial flight. On the one hand, the calculation is straightforward: take how much fuel a plane burns and how many greenhouse gases are emitted during the course of a flight and divide by the number of passengers. But the footprint is larger for first-and-business-class passengers, because they take up more space and because their higher cost creates an extra incentive for the flight to actually take place. Other considerations include how much cargo the plane is carrying, and the altitude at which the plane flies.<\/p>\n

    Even so, it is a relatively simple calculation compared to assessing the emissions involved in every step of, say, the manufacture of a car: the emissions that take place at the assembly plant, the generation of electricity to power that plant, the transport of all the component items, the factories at which the components were made, the creation of the machinery used at those factories and at the assembly plant and so on, all the way back to the extraction of the minerals that are the car\u2019s building blocks.<\/p>\n

    Because of the complexity involved in such calculations, Berners-Lee concedes that in such cases it is \u201cnever possible to be completely accurate.\u201d<\/p>\n

    3. Carbon Accounting<\/h3>\n

    Carbon accounting, or greenhouse gas accounting, is the process of quantifying the amount of greenhouse gases (GHGs) produced directly and indirectly from a businesses or organization\u2019s activities within a set of boundaries.<\/p>\n

    Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most common greenhouse gas emitted by human activities. As a result, all other major GHGs are given a \u201ccarbon dioxide equivalent,\u201d or CO2e. This is determined by multiplying the amount of a GHG by its global warming potential (GWP). A gas\u2019s GWP is a measure of how much energy the emissions of 1 ton of that gas will absorb over a given period of time relative to the emissions of 1 ton of carbon dioxide. The higher the GWP, the more that GHG will contribute to global warming.<\/p>\n

    The demand for robust greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting is rapidly growing as investors and businesses seek to demonstrate their commitment to decarbonization. The most commonly used approach to calculate GHG emissions is the Greenhouse Gas Protocol. As defined by the GHG Protocol Corporate Standard\u00a0 emissions are classified into three scopes:<\/p>\n

    Scope 1 emissions<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Also called \u201cdirect emissions,\u201d Scope 1 emissions are released directly from sources that are owned or controlled by an organization. Examples include emissions produced from manufacturing processes, fugitive emissions (e.g., methane emissions from coal mining) or the onsite production of electricity by burning coal.<\/p>\n

    Scope 2 emissions<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u201cIndirect emissions,\u201d or Scope 2 emissions, are released from the electricity, steam, heating and cooling purchased by an organization. In 2015, GHG Protocol guidance was revised to recommend that both location-based (grid-based) and market-based methodologies be used when calculating Scope 2 emissions.<\/p>\n

    Scope 3 emissions<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Often referred to as \u201csupply chain emissions,\u201d Scope 3 emissions are indirect greenhouse gas emissions that occur as a consequence of the activities of a facility, but from sources not owned or controlled by that facility\u2019s business. Accounting for 5.5 times more emissions on average than a company\u2019s direct emissions, Scope 3 emissions present a significant opportunity for organizations to engage their suppliers to accelerate decarbonization globally.<\/p>\n

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    4. Sectors<\/h3>\n

    This paragraph presents an analysis of the business sectors based on which we can identify the area of activity of a company and then determine the factors that affect its carbon footprint.<\/p>\n

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    1. Agriculture\/Hunting\/Forestry\/Fishing<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n